元杂剧作家对《史记》的改编——以《田穰苴伐晋兴齐》与《吴起挂帅敌秦》为探究中心

The Adaptation of the History-Book—Shi Ji Made by the Playwright in Yuan Dynasty——An Investigation based on Tian Rangju Crusades Jin and Revivals Qi and Wu Qi Fights against Qin Dynasty as Commander

《史记》是我国第一部纪传体通史,它不单继承并发展了我国史传文学传统,更为后代文学创作者提供了一个蕴藏丰富的取材宝库,元代杂剧作家从中取材,创作了数量可观的"史记戏"。在这些剧作中,《田穰苴伐晋兴齐》和《吴起挂帅敌秦》代表了两种不同的历史剧创作倾向。前者严格依据历史史实进行创作,而后者则在尽量还原历史真实的基础上加以改编和艺术加工。元代杂剧作家对《史记》的改编正体现在这两种截然不同的历史剧创作倾向中。

Shi Ji is the first biographical history book of China,it not only inherited and developed Chinese historical biography literature,but also provided many literature subject matters for the later authors,Yuan Drama writers wrote numerous Shi Ji Plays. In this dramas,Tian Rangju Crusades Jin and Revivals Qi and Wu Qi Fights against Qin Dynasty As Commander represented two different creative tendency of historical plays,the former is writing historical plays with a very strict attitude that must based on historical facts;Although the latter based on history,sometimes authors can recompose historical plots. According to this two different creative tendency,we can investigate the problem that the acceptation and adaptation of Yuan Drama writer from Shi Ji.