一种新的烧蚀热响应算法在质量估算中的应用

Application of a New Ablation Thermal Response Algorithm in Mass Estimation

针对预测飞行器再入过程中气动热流引发的烧蚀热响应导致热防护罩表层材料质量损耗的问题,研究了热防护罩的几何模型和烧蚀质量估算的方法,通过建立三自由度再入轨迹动力学方程,应用修正的牛顿流体理论计算气动系数,以及Detra-Kemp-Riddell和Tauber-Sutton理论计算驻点热流密度和热辐射,利用一维非线性热传导方程模拟了碳化材料的烧蚀过程,提出了基于Newton-Raphson和TDMA的烧蚀热响应算法估计飞行器热防护罩质量损耗的方法。通过分析,实现了再入全过程热防护材料烧蚀深度连续动态变化的预测,能够有效替代热平衡积分法,估算的烧蚀质量为优化热防护罩的几何模型和再入轨迹提供了参考依据。

The mass losses of heat shield surface materials subject to the ablation thermal response resulting from aerodynamic heat flux can be efficiently estimated in the reentry process. A geometric model and ablation mass estimation method of heat shields was studied. The three degree of freedom （3DOF） reentry trajectory dynamics equation was established. The modified Newtonian flow theory, Detra-Kemp-Riddell and Tauber-Sutton theory were adopted respectively to calculate the aerodynamic parameters, stagnation heat flux and heat radiation. A one-dimensional nonlinear heat conduction model was employed to simulate the process of charring material ablation. Based on the Newton Raphson and TDMA ablation thermal response algorithm, an approach was presented to estimate the mass losses of vehicle heat shields. The results of ablation prediction show that the continuous dynamic change of the surface material depth can be realized by analyzing the ablation thermal response algorithm. The presented approach can be an available surrogate of heat balance integral （HBI） method. The estimated ablation mass can help to optimize the geometric model of heat shields and reentry trajectory.