孕晚期血红蛋白水平的相关因素分析

Analysis on related factors of hemoglobin levels during late pregnancy

目的：了解妊娠晚期妇女血红蛋白水平及贫血现状,分析影响孕晚期血红蛋白水平的相关因素,为更好地开展孕期保健服务提供理论依据。方法：选取2011年1月-2012年7月在合肥市某妇幼保健院住院分娩的孕妇1 309名,其中贫血组504名,非贫血组805名。利用回顾性调查分析方法获取孕妇孕期详细的保健记录并追踪新生儿出生结局资料。结果：贫血组轻度贫血307例（23.5%）,中重度贫血197例（15.0%）。单因素分析结果显示,职业为农民、产次〉1次、妊娠早期有早孕反应者贫血患病比例相对较高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。贫血组孕前体重低于非贫血组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。多因素分析结果表明,蔬菜、肉类为贫血的保护因素,早孕反应为危险因素（P〈0.05）。结论：早孕反应可能会增加孕期贫血患病的风险,属于贫血的危险因素;蔬菜、肉类为贫血的保护因素。应加强孕妇孕期贫血的筛查与管理,减少孕期贫血的发生。

Objective： To understand hemoglobin levels and anemia status in late pregnancy, analyze the influencing factors of hemoglobin levels during late pregnancy, provide a theoretical basis for carrying out gestational health care. Methods： A total of 1 309 pregnant women who gave birth to their babies in a Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in Hefei from January 2011 to July 2011 were selected and divided into anemia group （504 women） and non -anemia group （805 women） . The detailed health care records throughout pregnancy were obtained based on a retrospective survey, the neonatal outcome was followed up. Results： In anemia group, 307 women （23.5%） were diagnosed as mild anemia and 197 women （ 15.0% ） were diagnosed as moderate 2 to - severe anemia. Univariate analysis showed that the incidence rates of anemia in farmers, women with parity more than once and having morning sickness during early pregnancy were relatively high, there were statistically significant differences （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . Progestational weight in anemia was statistically significantly lower than that in non - anemia group （P 〈 0. 05 ） . Multivariate analysis showed that vegetables and meat intakes were protective factors, morning sickness was a risk factor （P 〈 0. 05） . Conclusion： Morning sickness may increase the risk of anemia during pregnancy, which is a risk factor of anemia; vegetables and meat are protective factors. Screening and management of anemia during pregnancy should be strengthened among the pregnant women to reduce the occurrence of anemia during pregnancy.