有机无机肥配施对苹果树体结构及果实品质的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Chemical and Organic Fertilizers on Apple Tree Structure and Fruit Quality

以天红2号/SH40/海棠为试材,研究了不同有机无机肥配施对苹果树体结构和果实品质的影响。结果表明:所有施肥处理的树体枝类比以叶丛枝和短枝的比例最高,其次是中枝,长枝与徒长枝的比例最低;不同施肥处理也对果实品质产生不同的影响,其中处理12,即在试验初期666.7m2基施有机肥28 800 kg的基础上,每年3月份追尿素32 kg、有机肥61 kg及9月份追施有机肥61 kg、叶面喷施1%尿素,果实单果重、着色指数、光洁指数、可溶性固形物及可溶性糖含量均高于其它施肥处理,果实硬度及可滴定酸适中,综合效果较好。

The cultivar＇ Tianhong 2＇ Fuji/SH40/Malus robusta was used to study the effects of combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers at different ratios on the apple tree structure and fruit quality. The results showed that spur and foliage branches occupied the highest proportion of tree branch classes, which was followed by the medium branches; the proportion of long and leggy branches were the lowest. Dif- ferent fertilization treatments had different effects on apple fruit quality. After basal application of 28 800 kg organie fertilizer per 666.7m2, topdressing 32 kg urea and 61 kg organic fertilizer per 666.7m2 in March and topdressing 61 kg organic fertilizer per 666.7m2 and foliar spraying 1% urea in September could obtain higher fruit weight, color index, clean index, contents of soluble solids and soluble sugars, and medium fruit firm- ness and titratable acid, so better comprehensive effects eould be obtained under this treatment.