金乡大蒜氮磷钾营养吸收特点与合理施肥研究

Research on Absorption Characteristics of Nitrogen,Potassium and Phosphorus and Relational Fertilization of Jinxiang Garlic

以金乡大蒜为试材,通过氮磷钾配方试验研究覆膜大蒜的养分吸收特点及最佳施肥量与施用方法。结果表明,金乡大蒜生长过程中,吸氮最多,钾次之,磷最少,吸收比例为N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.36∶0.70。氮、钾吸收高峰在鳞茎膨大期,磷吸收高峰在蒜薹伸长期。金乡大蒜施用氮磷钾均有增产效果,最佳施用量为N 436.95 kg/hm2,P2O5213.34 kg/hm2,K2O 336.74 kg/hm2。氮、钾肥施用方法均以2/3底施+1/3追施效果最好。

The ＂3414＂ design was used to study the nutrient absorption characteristics and the optimum fertilization amount and method for mulched Jinxiang garlic. The results showed that during the growth of Jinx- iang garlic, the absorption of nitrogen was the most, and then potassium and phosphorus. The absorption ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 1 ： 0.36 ： 0.70. The absorption peaks of nitrogen and potassium were both in the bulbing period, and the phosphorus absorption peak was in the garlic sprout elongation peri- od. The application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium all could increase the garlic yield, and the optimal fertilization amounts were 436.95 kg/hm2 of N, 213.34 kg/hm2 of P205 , and 336.74 kg/hm2 of K20. The best fertilization method of both nitrogen and potassium was 2/3 as base fertilizer and 1/3 for topdressing.