榕果及其传粉榕小蜂形态特征相关性研究

The study of morphological characteristics correlation between fig and pollinating fig wasp

榕树和传粉榕小蜂是研究物种协同进化的经典模型,对分布于云南西双版纳地区的3种榕树的进蜂量、榕果直径、榕果雌花总数进行相关性分析,并对每种榕树的专一性传粉小蜂的体大小进行了测量。结果表明,3种榕树的榕果直径与单果进蜂量并无种间相关性。3种榕树的进蜂量、榕果直径、单果雌花数呈现相同的种间规律,均为垂叶榕>高榕>钝叶榕,但3种榕树的传粉小蜂的体大小的对比却不同于其他3个特征,为高榕>钝叶榕>垂叶榕。研究结果说明,在大部分特征上,榕果与小蜂之间已经产生了种间严格的对应特征,这一结果为进一步研究榕-蜂系统的稳定机制提供了依据。

The interaction between pollinating fig wasps （Agaonidae） and their host fig trees （Ficus） is a striking example of an ob- ligate pollination mutualism. The experiment was conducted to analyze the interspecific correlation of foundress number, fig diameter and female flower number and the body size of pollinating fig species for each species further was measured. The results showed that there was no intraspecific significant relationship between fig diameter and foundress number for all experimental fig species, and the interspecific comparison of foundress number, fig diameter and female flower number showed the same pattern, which was Ficus ben- jamina 〉 Ficus altissima 〉 Ficus curtipes. While the body size of pollinating fig wasps showed different pattern, which was Ficus alti- ssima 〉 Ficus curtipes 〉 Ficus benjamina. Results suggested that fig-fig wasps have evolved the interspecific corresponding pattern for most of characteristics. The results could help us for further understanding the stable mechanisms of fig and fig wasps.