含Pu废物的玻璃和玻璃陶瓷固化基材研究进展

Development of Glass-based Confinement Matrix for Plutonium-containing Waste

对于239Pu含量较高且很难回收利用的含Pu废物,在安全处置前须进行妥善的固化处理。玻璃和玻璃陶瓷因在制备方面具有较陶瓷简单的工艺、低廉的成本和高效的产出被认为是目前处理含Pu废物综合优势明显的固化基材,因而得到了广泛和深入的研究。本文对碱硼硅酸盐玻璃、镧硼硅酸盐玻璃、铁磷酸盐玻璃以及含钙钛锆石、烧绿石或独居石结晶相的玻璃陶瓷等在含Pu废物固化方面的研究进展进行了综述,包括其组分、Pu包容量和化学稳定性,并进行了对比分析,认为在对玻璃固化基材继续研究与应用的基础上,玻璃陶瓷有望成为固化绝大多数含Pu废物的较佳选择。

Plutonium-containing waste with characteristics of high 239 Pu content and difficult reuse must be immobilized as soon as possible before safe disposal.Glass and glass-ceramics considered to be more excellent confinement matrices（simpler process,lower cost and higher productivity）for immobilizing plutonium-containing waste than ceramics were studied extensively and thoroughly including alkali borosilicate glass,lanthanide borosilicate glass,iron phosphate glass and zirconolite,pyrochlore or monazite-based glass-ceramics.Their chemical composition,chemical durability and the content of plutonium or its surrogate were presented and discussed by contrast in this paper.It is believed that glass-ceramics will be a good alternative for immobilizing most of plutonium-containing waste through consistently investigating and applying.