本体论视域下老子“道论”与柏拉图“理念论”异同之探讨

On The Sight Of Ontology:The Discussion Of The Differences And Similarities Of Lao tzu's Dao AndPlato's Concept

在中国与古希腊哲学的发展史上,老子和柏拉图的哲学思想较前人都有着质的飞跃。前者的"道论"不仅体系庞大,而且内在附有极强的逻辑性,与含有神秘色彩的"帝命观"、"天命"、"天道"等思想分道扬镳,从整体的角度来把握万事万物的产生和发展;后者的"理念论"亦是撇开具体事物,从万事万物的共相出发来解释世界。不过,虽然两者都站在回答世界本原的角度从整体(共相)上来阐发自己的哲学思想,但二者在具体的细节上有着明显的差异。前者的"道"与万物属于一种"母子"关系,而后者则属于"隶属"关系。虽然后来研究者对二人的思想有着众多说法和意见,甚至是怀疑,但二者的思想依然是后来哲学发展的不朽源泉。

In the history of the development of China and the ancient Greek philosophy,the philosophy of Lao tzu and Plato from predecessors has a qualitative leap.The former system of＂Dao＂is not only huge,strong logicality,and inner attached with mysterious＂emperor life view＂,＂mandate of heaven＂,＂heaven＂and so on thought,from the perspective of the overall grasp the emergence and development of all things;The latter’s＂concept＂is also quite apart from the specific things,starting from the total phase of all things to explain the world.However,while both stood in the answers from the whole world origin Angle（total phase）elucidates his own philosophy,but both has obvious differences in the details.＂Tao＂of the former one with everything belongs to a kind of＂mother-child＂relationship,while the latter belongs to the＂membership＂relationship.Although later researchers for their ideas have many ideas and opinions,even doubt,but both still is the immortal source for the development of later philosophy.