喀斯特石漠化地区土地利用/覆被变化及驱动力因素研究——以贵州省安龙县2000～2010年为例

The Research of Land Usage/Land Cover Change and Driving Force Factors in Karst Desertification Area—from 2000 to 2010 in Anlong County in Guizhou Province

为了揭示喀斯特石漠化地区的土地利用/覆被变化过程及其驱动力因素,以贵州省安龙县为研究区,利用2000年、2005年、2010年3期的遥感影像和地形图资料,运用Arc GIS、RS图像解译分析、统计和对比方法,结合安龙县社会经济统计资料对土地利用/覆被时空变化特征、幅度和速度进行了定量分析。结果表明:(1)2000-2010年间研究区灌木林、旱地、草地和森林占总面积的比重最大,但旱地面积减少速度快,转出变化也大;(2)草地、建设用地、森林和园地面积增加,建筑用地和森林的动态幅度大、年变化速率快;(3)灌木林、裸岩地、水田和水域面积的幅度和年变化速率较稳定。研究发现,研究区土地利用/覆被变化的主要因子是人口增长与社会经济、城镇化与工业化,同时还受地形地貌和政府政策的影响。

Anlong County in Guizhou Province was taken as studying area to reveal the land usage/land cover change and their driving force factors in Karst desertification area. The spatial and temporal variation characteristics, amplitude and speed of land usage/land cover change were investigated and quantified, base on the remote sensing images and topographic map data in the year of 2000, 2005, 2010, with Anlong County social and economic statistical data, applying ArcGIS, RS image interpretation analysis, statistics and comparison method. It shows that （ 1 ） the proportion of shrubbery, dry land, grassland and forest was the largest area during the year from 2000 to 2010, but the dry land area reduced rapidly and roll out change was obvious; （2）grassland, construction land, forest and garden area increased, the variation amplitude of construction land and forest were huge, the annu- al rate change was fast; （3） the shrubbery, bare rock, paddy field, and water area have been stable. The investi- gation also shows that the main factors of land use/land cover have been changing with population growth, social e- conomy, urbanization and industrialization, and also affected by topography and government policy.