2013年成都市预防接种门诊儿童接种率调查与分析

Survey on Inoculation Rate of Vaccines in Children Covered by Expanded Immunization Program in Chengdu

目的了解成都市近年来扩大免疫规划疫苗接种情况,为加强免疫规划工作,有效提高预防接种质量提供依据。方法 2013年在全市116家门诊利用儿童预防接种信息系统,随机抽查3 480名1～3岁儿童,调查免疫规划疫苗基础和加强免疫接种情况。结果调查适龄儿童免疫规划疫苗基础免疫和加强免疫的接种率均在95%以上,卡介苗、乙肝疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、百白破疫苗、麻疹/麻风疫苗和乙脑疫苗“六苗”的基础免疫接种率,分别为99.91%、99.14%、98.99%、98.88%、98.65%和98.97%,“六苗”全程接种率为96.41%;A群流脑、甲肝疫苗接种率为98.37%、97.20%;麻腮风疫苗、乙脑疫苗和百白破疫苗的加强免疫接种率,分别为97.03%、96.12%和95.56%;2.16%儿童未完成免疫规划疫苗接种;7.61%儿童不合格接种,不合格接种原因中以超期接种所占比例最高,为64.53%。结论 2013年成都市免疫规划疫苗接种率保持在较高水平,但还存在一定数量的未种和不合格接种,须加强规范化预防接种门诊建设,提高接种的质量。

Objective To evaluate the vaccination status in children after implementation of Expanded Program of Immunization （EPI） in Chengdu, and to provide scientific basis for improving the immunization program work. Methods Altogether 3480 children aged 1 -3 were selected randomly from 116 vaccination clinics through Children Immunization Information Management System. The routine immunization and strengthened immunization were investigated. Results The coverage rates on basic and strengthened immunization were over 95% , the basic coverage rate of BCG, HepB, OPV, DPT, MV and JE was 99. 91%, 99. 14%, 98.99%, 98.88%, 98.65% and 98.97%, respectively. The whole course vaccination rate of “six vaccines” was 96.41%. The inoculation rate of MenA and HepA was respectively 98.37% and 97.20%. The inoculation rate on strengthened immunization of MMV, JE and DPT was 97.03%, 96. 12% and 95.56%, respectively. A proportion of 2. 16% of children failed to complete the nated unqualified. Postponed vaccination was the main immunization program and 7.61% of children vacci- reason of disqualification （ 64. 53% ）. Conclusion The inoculation rate of EPI in Chengdu has maintained at a higher level. However, a certain number of chil- dren still exist as un - vaccinated or vaccinated unqualified. To improve the quality of vaccination, the con-struction of standard vaccination clinics should be strengthened.