大型复杂起重机械结构三维有限元子结构模型分析

Analysis of Large Complex Hoisting Machinery Structure of Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model of Substructure

针对大型复杂的起重机械整体结构力学分析的难题,在子结构技术的基础上,建立了大型起重机械整体结构的有限元模型技术,以大型冶金铸造起重机为例详细阐述了大型复杂结构有限元模型简化原则和子结构划分方法,确保了整机的传力路线完整性,将大型冶金铸造起重机划分为三级子结构,重点突出了六大结构件,即主小车、副小车、主梁、副梁、端梁、行走结构,实现了整机三维有限元模型完整性和准确性。分析结果通过和试验、规范计算对比,应力和位移最大的误差分别为4.2%和4.9%,具有和试验一致性的结果,因此对于子结构的三维有限元模型技术方法在大型起重机械整体结构是可行的。

Far the mechanical analysis of the whole structure of large-scale hoisting machinery, this study proposed the finite element technology of the whole structure of large hoisting machinery on the basis of the subsidiary structure analysis theory. The large metallurgical casting crane was as a case study to show the large structure finite element model simplification principles and substructure method that assured the integrity of the machine＇s tranzmission line. The large metallurgical casting crane is divided into three levels of substructure. It is focused on the main car, vice car, girders, vice beam, beam, walk structure to ensure the accuracy and feasibility of the three-ditnensional finite element model of the engine. Comparing the results of testing with the specification, the error of the maximum stress and displacement were 4.2% and 4.9%, respectively which was shown the consistency of the results with tests. Therefore, the three-dimensional finite element analysis method based on the substructure in the large overall mechanical structure is feasible.