新疆主要耗能行业的能源效率分析——基于三阶段DEA模型

An Analysis of Energy Efficiency of Main Energy-consuming Industries in Xinjiang——Based on Three-Stage DEA Model

近年来经济发展与资源环境的矛盾日趋尖锐,中国未来的经济发展必然面临能源短缺的严峻挑战,因此,提高能源效率是新疆乃至全国节能降耗工作的重中之重。本文运用三阶段DEA模型对新疆12个耗能行业2010年的能源效率进行了分析。结果表明:在剔除外部环境因素和随机因素的影响以前,纯技术效率值被低估,规模效率被高估,并且被高估的程度高于被低估的程度,最终导致技术效率值被高估。而且新疆的耗能行业都处于规模报酬递增的阶段,说明新疆的耗能行业对能源的利用还没有形成规模经济。从行业来看,石油和天然气开采业、石油加工炼焦及核燃料加工业这两个行业的能源效率是DEA有效的。针对上述结果,本文提出应加快中小企业的发展、加大科研经费投入、提高国有企业的经营效率、加快能源价格改革等建议。

In recent years, the contradiction between economic development and resources and environment has become increas-ingly acute, China’ s future economic development is bound to face the serious challenge of short-term energy, therefore, impro-ving energy efficiency is the top priority of the energy saving in Xinjiang and even in China.This paper employs three-stage DEA model to analyze the energy efficiency of the 12 energy-consuming industries in Xinjiang in 2010.The results show that the scale efficiency is overestimated before eliminating external factors and environment variables while pure technical efficiency is underestimated, and the overvalued level is higher than the undervalued level, which eventually led to the fact that the technical efficiency value is overrated.The scale returns of main energy-consuming industry in Xinjiang are increasing, which shows that the energy utilization is too small to reflect the economy scale.From the industry perspective, the energy efficiency of Extraction of Petroleum and Natural Gas and Oil Processing, Coking and Nuclear Fuel Processing are DEA effective.Based on the above, suggestions are put forward as follows：to speed up the development of small and medium-sized enterprise, increase scientific research funds investment, improve the management efficiency of state -owned enterprises, accelerate the reform of energy prices.