外源激素对唐菖蒲生长发育的影响

Effect of Exogenous Phytohormone on Growth and Development of Gladiolus hybrids

为探明外源激素对唐菖蒲生长发育的影响,以提高唐菖蒲切花的产量和质量,为生产提供技术支持。以不同浓度的GA3、6-BA和IAA为外源激素,采用浸泡、叶面喷施和浸泡加叶面喷施等3种处理方式,在不同时期对唐菖蒲进行处理。研究发现200 mg/L 6-BA浸泡加叶面喷撒处理,诱导出嫩芽数最多,达到了5.02个芽,产生最多的新球数,达到5.17个。100 mg/L IAA浸泡叶面喷撒处理得到新球直径最大,为4.66 cm,200 mg/L IAA浸泡处理产生的籽球数量最多,有68.08个,质量最重,为25.93 g。400 mg/L IAA浸泡加叶面喷撒处理诱导出的花序长度最长,为83.53 cm。600 mg/L GA3浸泡处理,产生的植株高度最高,达到了142.70 cm,花轴的长度最长,为53.09 cm,获得的小花直径最大,为13.32 cm。600 mg/L GA3浸泡加叶面喷撒处理,能有效增加小花数,达到19.00个,提高唐菖蒲田间寿命36%以上。900 mg/L GA3浸泡加叶面喷撒显著缩短从种植到开花所需要的天数,仅需要75.36天。

In order to support the industry of Gladiolus flower products and to improve yield and quality of theflower-cuts, we investigated the effect of exogenous phytohormones on growth and development of Gladiolus hybrids. The exogenous phytohormones used in this study were GA3, 6-BA and IAA. Three different treatingmethods, soaking, leaf-surface spray and combination of soaking and leaf-surface spray were used to treatGladiolus hybrids at different growth stages. The results showed that treatment of 200 mg/L 6-BA by thesoaking and spray combined method induced shoot and corm growing to the maximum number, up to 5.02 and5.17, respectively. The spray treatment with IAA at 100 mg/L gave the maximum corm diameters, up to4.66 cm. The soaking treatment with IAA at 200 mg/L gave the maximum number of cormels, up to 68.08, andthe heaviest ones up to 25.93 g. The longest length of inflorescence, which was 83.53 cm, was recorded withthe combined treatment method of IAA at 400 mg/L. The soaking treatment with GA3 at 600 mg/L gave thehighest height of the plant（142.70 cm）, the longest length of rachis（53.09 cm） and the biggest diameter offloret（13.32 cm）. Using the combined treatment with GA3 at 600 mg/L could effectively increase the number offlorets up to 19.00, and could extend the field life of spikes 36% or more. The combined treatment with GA3 at900 mg/L could significantly reduce the days needed to bloom, which was reduced to 75.36 d.