广东罗坑野生茶树群落红茶香气物质鉴析

Analysis of Aroma Components in Black Tea Made From Wild Tea Community in Luokeng Guangdong

为研究广东省罗坑镇野生型与栽培型红茶香气物质并确定其特异性香气成分,采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)结合气质联用技术(GC-MS)对芦溪野生红茶、花蕉岩野生红茶、上坑野生红茶、上斜野生红茶、奖公茶红茶等的红茶香气组成进行鉴定和分析。结果表明,在广东罗坑红茶中共鉴定出66种香气化合物,主要种类包含醇类、酯类、醛类、酮类、烯类和烷烃类等,其中醇类和醛类是主要的香气物质,占香气物质的70%以上。香气化合物中香叶醇、苯甲醛、β-芳樟醇和水杨酸甲酯是4种最主要的成分,加上苯乙醛、脱氢芳樟醇及β-紫罗酮共同组成野生红茶的主导香气成分;其中苯甲醛是特异性香气成分,也是杏仁香气特征的重要体现。感官审评的结果与香气物质的分析结果一致。罗坑野生红茶杏仁香特征明显,带甜香。

To study the volatile aroma component in Guangdong Luokeng wild black tea and determine themain aroma components,the headspace solid-phase micro-extraction（HS-SPME） method and gaschromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） were used to determine the aroma compounds in Luxi wild blacktea,Huajiaoyan wild black tea,Shangxie wild black tea,Jianggong wild black tea,etc.The result showed that66 aroma compounds in Guangdong Luokeng wild black tea were identified including alcohol,ester,aldehyde,ketones,terpene,hydrocarbon,etc.,among which the alcohol and aldehydes were the most importantcompounds,representing more than 70% of the total aroma.Geraniol,benzaldehyde,β-linalool and methlsalicylate,the four most important compounds,combined with phenylacetaldehyde,dehydro-linalool and β-ionone composed dominant aroma of wild black tea;among them benzaldehyde was the special aromacompound,which had almond aroma character.The result of sensory evaluation agreed with the analysis ofaroma.Luokeng wild black tea had obvious almond aroma,with sweet aroma.