大豆耐旱种质的鉴定

Identification of Drought Stress Tolerance in Soybean [Glycine max( L. )Merr. ]

采用盆栽的方法,依据隶属函数值法,对18个大豆品种分别进行营养生长期和生殖生长期的抗旱鉴定;同时采用田间原位测定的方法,依据抗旱系数和产量,对这18个品种分别种植在半干旱地区(朝阳)和湿润-半湿润地区(沈阳)进行全生育期的抗旱鉴定。结果表明:依据隶属函数值法共筛选出营养生长期较强耐旱型(2级)品种2个,分别是辽豆24和锦豆36;生殖生长期较强耐旱型(2级)品种2个,分别是辽豆26和铁豆37;全生育期抗旱鉴定表明铁豆49为强耐旱品种;综合全生育期的抗旱系数和耐旱隶属函数值,筛选出3个优良大豆品种,分别为辽豆26、铁豆37和铁豆49,建议在半干旱地区推广种植。研究认为对大豆种质耐旱性鉴定采用隶属函数值法及全生育期综合鉴定的方法较为准确,与营养生长期相比生殖生长期耐旱性结果鉴定与全生育期鉴定结果更为一致。

In the study,the main physiological traits at vegetative and reproductive period of 18 soybean cultivars were investigated to screen drought resistant varieties in pot culture condition. Field experiments were conducted with the same soybean cultivars,yield were investigated under semi-arid region（ Chaoyang） and humid and semi-humid region（ Shenyang） respectively to select drought-resistant varieties at the whole growth period. The results showed that two soybean cultivars,Liaodou24 and Jindou36 were screened with 2 levels of drought tolerance at vegetative growth period. Two soybean cultivars,Liaodou26 and Tiedou37 were screened with 2 levels of drought tolerance at reproductive growth period. Tiedou 49 was high drought tolerant cultivar in the whole growth stage drought test. Based on the drought tolerance coefficients and the subordinate function value,3 soybean varieties with high yield and tolerant to drought were screened out including Liaodou26,Tiedou37 and Tiedou49. These three cultivars are recommended to be planted in semi-arid area. Combined subordinate function values method with whole growth period method in drought resistance identification of soybean germplasm was more effective. The identification result of reproductive period was more accordance with the whole growth period method.