婴幼儿喘息的相关因素分析

Analysis of the related factors of wheezing in infants

目的分析婴幼儿喘息与其血清总Ig E、肺功能及社会因素的关系,为临床早期诊治提供理论依据。方法收集住院患儿(28 d<年龄≤3岁)共300例,其中喘息性疾病(包括毛细支气管炎、喘息性支气管炎、婴幼儿哮喘)患儿150例为病例组,同期住院的下呼吸道感染而无喘息症状患儿150例为对照组,检测其血清总Ig E值、行肺功能检查,比较2组其差异性;并对入选患儿行流调问卷调查,从中分析引起婴幼儿喘息的相关因素。结果病例组中喘息性支气管炎、婴幼儿哮喘患儿的血清总Ig E水平明显高于对照组患儿,TEF 25%、TEF 50%、TPTEF/Te、VPTEF/Ve均明显低于对照组;病例组患儿喘息与反复呼吸道感染病史、个人过敏疾病史、家族哮喘或过敏病史、既往使用抗生素、被动吸烟、家中养花草有关。结论婴幼儿喘息时其血清总Ig E水平明显升高,肺功能水平明显下降;婴幼儿喘息的相关因素为反复呼吸道感染病史、个人过敏疾病史、家族哮喘或过敏病史、既往使用抗生素、被动吸烟、家中养花草。

Objective To analyze the relationship of wheezing infants between their total serum Ig E,lung function and social factors,provide the basis for early clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods 300 children（ 28 days age≤3 years） of the second pediatric ward of our hospital,150 cases with asthmatic disease（ including bronchiolitis,asthmatic bronchitis,asthma in infants） as the patient group,and 150 cases with lower respiratory tract infection but without wheezing for the same period as the control group,the total serum Ig E,lung function were compared between two groups,and the factors causing wheezing infants was questionaired. Results Total serum Ig E of asthmatic bronchitis and asthma in infants was significantly higher in the patient group than that in the control children;TEF25%,TEF50%,TPTEF / Te,VPTEF / Ve were significantly lower in the patient group than that in the control group; wheezing disorders in children related with recurrent respiratory tract infections history,history of allergic disease,family history of asthma or allergies,previous use of antibiotics,passive smoking and raising flowers in home. Conclusion Total serum Ig E level is increased and lung function is significantly decreased in wheezing infants; the relevant factors for wheezing infants are history of recurrent respiratory tract infection,previous history of allergic disease,family history of asthma or allergies,previous use of antibiotics,passive smoking and raising flowers in home.