热带气旋风场对海浪分布特征的影响

Impacts of tropical cyclone wind field on ocean surface waves

设计了一系列理想的数值实验,利用高分辨率的WAVEWATCHIII海浪模式定量分析热带气旋移动速度、强度、最大风速半径和热带气旋移动时的转向等风场细节因素对热带气旋下表面海浪分布特征的影响。实验结果表明,热带气旋移动速度、最大风速半径和热带气旋移动时的转向会影响海浪的空间非对称分布。最大风速半径增大会使最大有效波高的位置向后移动,而移动速度增大会使最大有效波高位置向前移动。移动速度增大会使右侧象限内的有效波高增大,左侧象限内有效波高减小。最大风速半径增大和强度增强使各象限内有效波高均增高。热带气旋的转向使各象限内有效波高增高,除了右后象限。这些风场特征对各个象限内海浪的平均波长、平均周期、平均波向、和波峰方向都有很重要的影响,尤其以左后象限最为显著。

A series of ideal numerical experiments are designed to quantify the influence of TC translation speed（TCTS）, TC intensity（TCI）, the radius of maximum wind speed（RMW）, and the swerve during TC＇s motion on TCgenerated waves. The results show that the asymmetric spatial distribution is sensitive to the TC translation speed, the radius of maximum wind speed, and the swerve during TC＇s movement. The position of maximum significant wave height（ SWH） moves backward with the increase of and RMW, while it moves forward with the increase of TCTS. These characteristics of TC wind also can affect other wave parameters, such as mean wavelength, mean wave period, mean wave direction and peak direction.