云南省坡改梯试点工程水保监测项目人工模拟降雨试验数据分析

Analysis on Artificial Simulation Rainfall Data of Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring of Terracing Pilot Project of Yunnan Province

云南省坡改梯试点工程水土保持监测项目采用人工模拟降雨试验研究土壤产汇流和侵蚀规律,具有经济性、便捷性、可控性、重现性等优点。以石佛山项目为例,对人工模拟降雨试验数据进行了分析:根据JDZ02型雨量器记录结果,有7场次降雨接近或超过设计雨强,说明在径流小区局部人工模拟降雨雨强是达到设计要求的;而受风速、风向、试验支架架设高度和植被的影响,用加权平均法计算出径流小区内21只普通雨量器的实测面平均雨量均小于设计雨量,相对误差在-62.7%^-27.0%之间。上述结果表明该模拟降雨系统仍存在一定不足,需要进一步改进。此外,还对3个坡地小区和1个梯地小区在人工模拟降雨条件下的产流产沙情况进行了分析。

The soil and water conservation monitoring of terracing pilot project of Yunnan Province uses the artificial simulation rainfall tests to study soil runoff-producing and confluence and erosion law,which has the advantages of economy,convenience,controllability and reproducibility.The paper analyzed the test data of artificial simulation rainfall by taking Shifoshan project as an example.According to the results of JDZ02-type recording rain gauge,there were 7 events rainfall close to or exceeded the designed rainfall intensity,showing the artificial simulation rainfall intensity of local runoff plot had reached to the design requirements.Calculated by the method of weighted mean,the observed average rainfall of 21 normal recording rain gauges in the runoff plot were all smaller than that of the designed rainfall,effected by wind speed,wind direction,height of test support and vegetation.The relative error was between-62.7%and-27.0%.The above results showed that the simulation rainfall system still existed insufficiency which needed to be further improved.In addition,it also analyzed the runoff producing and sediment production of 3 slope farmland plots and 1 terraced plot under the conditions of artificial simulation rainfall.