“尸热”现象初探

A Probe into Postmortem Temperature Rising in Swine Carcasses

目的探讨在特定条件下尸体腐败过程中温度变化的规律,为解决死亡时间的推断提供科学依据,同时观察蝇蛆在尸体上所经历的温度变化,探寻其变化特点和规律为法医昆虫学检验提供依据。方法在深圳不同季节放置猪尸于室外的草地上,温度计探头分别置于舌下及插入直肠约5cm深处。分别观察记录口腔和直肠的温度,死亡第1d每小时测定尸体温度1次,从第2d开始每天定时测定3次。尸体上蝇类昆虫(成虫和幼虫)的发生情况逐日进行观察记录。在实验室观察恒温下不同蝇蛆滋生密度对猪肝块温度的影响。将初孵幼虫按不同密度分别接于新鲜的50g猪肝上,插入温度计,使温度计探头与猪肝块充分接触,再置于24℃的生化培养箱内饲养。在同样条件下,设立未接入初孵幼虫的猪肝块作为对照组。每天分别测定记录5次,然后对测得的结果进行统计。结果蝇蛆滋生可显著引起尸体温度上升,春季最高约上升8℃,夏季最高可上升22℃;升温主要集中在蝇蛆聚集的部位;蝇蛆滋生引起猪肝块温度上升的幅度较小,一般仅为数度;随着滋生密度的增加,升温幅度增加。结论蝇蛆活动可引起尸体温度上升,从而影响昆虫发育历期。凡有蝇蛆滋生的尸体均不能忽视"尸热现象"。

Objective In order to investigate the regular pattern about temperature change during postmortem decomposition under certain conditions and to offer scientific proof to the estimation of postmortem interval,meanwhile,to make clear the actual temperature rising caused with the maggot growing in carcass and provide a reference for the criminal investigation.Methods The pig carcasses were left in field in different seasons,the sensors of thermometers were put under the tongues and inserted into the rectums about 5cm to monitor temperature changing.The maggots developing in the carcasses were observed and measured day by day.At a constant temperature in lab,a piece of pig liver infested with maggot at different density was used to reveal the temperature changing with infested maggot.The obtained experimental data was analyzed statistically.Results Carcass temperature elevated along with dense aggregation of larvae,rising about 8℃ in spring while in summer even up to 22℃.The bigger the maggot density was,the higher and quicker the temperature rose in the infested area.ConclusionsThe temperature of carcass can be elevated with maggot infestation and reversely affect the relative insect developing.The temperature rising in carcass should not be neglected especially when maggot is observed.