日本产业结构变迁与金融支持政策分析

An Analysis of Evolution of Industrial Structure and Financial Policies in Japan

二战后,日本历经了经济复兴、高速增长、低速增长、结构调整和稳定发展等时期,产业结构由以轻工业为主导到以重工业为主导再到以第三产业为主导,成功完成了升级。在此过程中,日本政府审时度势,在不同的发展阶段,根据不同的经济金融社会环境,实行了不同的金融支持政策,在经济复兴和增长时期有力地促进了产业结构的成功升级,但在产业结构调整期,由于没能及时调整金融结构,反而阻碍了产业结构升级的进程。因此,中国应借鉴日本的经验和教训,根据产业发展不同阶段的需要进行相应的金融结构调整和制定合理的金融产业政策,以推动产业结构的顺利升级。

Since World War lI , Japanese economy has experienced five phases of development as fol- lows： Recovery, Rapid Growth, Low Speed Growth, Structure Adjustment and Stable Development. Dur- ing the period Japan successfully upgraded its domestic industrial structure from light industry dominated to heavy industry dominated, and finally to tertiary sector dominated. During this process, according to different economic and social circumstances, Japanese government carried out different financial policies. These policies promoted the upgrading of industrial structure at the recovery and rapid growth phases, while impeded the upgrading due to the stagnation of the adjustment of financial structure at structure ad- justment and stable development phases. The evolution of industrial structure and the transitions of finan- cial structure and changes in policies in Japan offer important implications for China. To promote the up- grading of industrial structure, China should make financial appropriate structure adjustments and reason- able financial policies according to the different development stages.