窄缝式消能工在多洞联合泄洪中的应用研究

Study on application of slit-bucket energy dissipater to multi-tunnel combined spillways

长河坝水电站为典型的高水头、大泄量的电站,多洞联合泄流,采用挑流消能方式,此类工程对下游河道的消能防冲具有很高的要求。为解决初始阶段水工模型试验挑流消能不充分、水舌空间流态较差的现象,结合工程实际和以往经验,以大比尺水工模型试验为手段,比较了2#泄洪洞在等宽和窄缝挑坎两种形式下单独泄洪和联合泄洪的消能防冲效果,进一步验证了窄缝挑坎和扩散挑坎的有机结合在多洞联合泄洪过程中所体现的优越之处。本文的研究成果对同类型的消能防冲设计有一定的借鉴意义。

The Changheba hydropower station is typical of high head and large capacity of multi-tunnel combined discharge with flip-bucket energy dissipaters that require a great capacity of the downstream river channel in energy dissipation and anti-scour. Large-scale hydraulic model tests have been conducted to solve the problems of insufficient energy dissipation and poor condition of nappes plunging into river at the initial stage. For slit-bucket and constant-width flip bucket, we compared their effects of energy dissipation and anti-scour on the second spillway in the conditions of individual operation and combined operation, and verified the advantages of combined slit-bucket and flip bucket for multi-tunnel combined operation. The results are useful for design of similar energy dissipation and anti-scour structures.