上海地区859名青少年鼻腔金黄色葡萄球菌携带及耐药状况调查

Surveillance on nasal carriage rate and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus among 859 youngsters in Shanghai

目的了解上海地区青少年鼻腔金黄色葡萄球菌的携带率及耐药情况。方法用鼻拭子法采集859名学生鼻腔样本,采用革兰染色、鸟氨酸脱羧酶试验、DNA酶试验、高盐甘露醇平板生长试验和血浆凝固酶试验(试管法)鉴定金黄色葡萄球菌,纸片扩散法体外药物敏感性试验进行耐药性分析,聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测金黄色葡萄球菌A蛋白(SPA)分型和杀白细胞毒素(PVL)毒力基因。结果该校在校生鼻腔金黄色葡萄球菌的携带率为7.0%(60株),耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)为0.0%,PVL毒力因子阴性,SPA分型1株为spa基因阴性,其余59株呈现克隆多样性,发现3个新的spa型。结论该校青少年鼻腔中金黄色葡萄球菌的携带率低,未发现MRSA。

Objective To survey the nasal carriage rate and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus among 859 youngsters in Shanghai. Methods The nasal specimens were collected from 859 youngsters. The isolates were identified by Gram staining,ornithine decarboxylase test,deoxyribonuclease test,growth test on mannitol salt agar and plasma tube coagulase test. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method. Staphylococcal protein A（ SPA） typing and Panton-Valentine leukocidin（ PVL） gene were performed by polymerase chain reaction（ PCR）. Results The nasal carriage rate of Staphylococcus aureus was 7. 0%（ 60 cases）,no methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（ MRSA） was detected,and no PVL toxicity factor was found in these isolates. There were 59 isolates with clone diversity,1 isolate was spa gene negative,and 3 novel spa types were found. Conclusions The nasal carriage rate of Staphylococcus aureus is low,and no MRSA is found in these youngsters.