侧架铸钢件热裂纹的形成及防止方法

Formation and Prevention Method of Thermal Crack of Side Frame Steel Casting

在生产过程中,铁路货车侧架铸钢件常常存在热裂纹,严重地影响了其使用性能,并最终影响到货车的行驶安全。针对侧架铸钢件的热裂问题,通过采用金相显微镜、电子显微镜、能谱仪等测试方法和手段对热裂纹的微观结构和微区元素进行了分析,研究了其形成机理及影响因素。在此基础上,使用模拟软件进行了数值模拟分析,并对浇注工艺进行了优化设计。研究结果表明,通过改善砂型的退让性、增加冷铁、优化铸件的工艺设计以及严格控制浇注温度,可以达到消除铸件热裂纹的目的。

In the production process,side frame steel castings of railway wagons often have many thermal flaws,which have deep influence on its usability and the security of the wagons finally.On this basis,we have a numerical simulation analysis using simulation software and an optimization design on the pouring technology.The results reveal that we can eliminate the thermal flaws of the castings by improving the deformability of the sand mold,adding chiller,optimizing the technics design of castings and controlling pouring temperature.