大学生成就动机与社会比较倾向的关系

Relationship between College Students' Achievement Motivation and Social Comparison

目的:了解大学生成就动机和社会比较倾向的现状及关系,为增强大学生心理动力提供理论依据。方法:采用AMS和INCOM对4所高校的748名学生进行调查。结果:追求成功动机、总动机和观点比较在学业成绩上均有显著差异(F=4.157,P<0.05;F=5.230,P<0.01;F=3.662,P<0.05);成功动机的性别差异显著(t=2.645,P<0.01);观点比较的学历层次差异显著(t=-2.554,P<0.05);成功动机与社会比较各维度相关显著(r=0.101,P<0.01;r=0.180,P<0.01;r=0.162,P<0.01);避免失败动机与能力比较和社会比较总水平存在显著正相关(r=0.332,P<0.01;r=0.269,P<0.01);观点比较倾向与总比较对大学生避免失败动机具有预测作用(P<0.01);追求成功动机与总动机对大学生能力比较具有预测作用(P<0.01)。结论:学业成绩与追求成功和观点比较存在一定关系;对自身外貌的评价可以作为预估成就动机的一条线索;男生追求成功的动机高于女生;大学生成就动机与社会比较关系密切。

Objective： To find out the status and relationships between college students＇ achievement and motivation social comparison tendencies,and provide a theoretical basis for enhanced psychological dynamics of college students. Methods： AMS and INCOM on four college 748 students were investigated.Results： There were obvious differences of the successful motivation,the integral motivation and views comparison on different academic（ F = 4. 157,5. 230,3. 662; P〈0. 05）; There was significant difference of successful motivation on different gender（ t = 2. 645,P〈0. 01）; There was obvious difference of views comparison on different education levels（ t =-2. 554,P〈0. 05）; The successful motivation showed positive correlation with every dimensions on social comparison（ r = 0. 101,0. 180,0. 162; P〈0. 01）; The avoiding failure motivation showed positive correlation with the ability comparison and integral comparison（ r = 0. 332,0. 269; P〈0. 01）; Views comparison and integral comparison had obvious prediction to failure motivation（ P〈0 01）; Successful motivation and integral motivation had obvious prediction to capability comparison（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion： There are some relations between academic and successful motivation; The evaluation of their own appearance can be used as an clue of achievement motivation; Boys＇ successful motivation are stronger than girls ＇; There are close relationship between college students ＇ achievement motivation and social comparison.