诊断披露对艾滋病患者社会支持的影响

Influence of Disclosure of Diagnosis on Social Support of AIDS Patients

目的探讨艾滋病患者诊断披露对其社会支持的影响。方法采用修改后的社会支持评定量表对192例艾滋病患者进行问卷调查,统计患者的社会支持状况、诊断披露情况。结果艾滋病患者社会支持总分为(35.50±9.94)分,具有中等水平社会支持的患者最多,占66.7%;艾滋病患者诊断披露的对象前3位分别是配偶、其他家人、亲戚;有披露诊断患者的社会支持明显高于无披露诊断的患者,不同艾滋病披露诊断对象数量患者的社会支持差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论艾滋病患者社会支持趋向于中等水平;大多数艾滋病患者愿意将诊断披露给配偶,极少部分患者将诊断披露给朋友、同事等,仍有一部分患者不愿将诊断披露给任何人;适当的披露诊断能提高患者的社会支持,应鼓励患者选择信任的对象披露诊断以获得更多的社会支持。

Objective To explore the influence of the disclosure of the diagnosis on social support of AIDS patients. Methods Revised social support rating scale was applied to investigate 192 AIDS patients for the social support they obtained and the disclosure of the diagnosis. Results The total score of social support of AIDS patients was 35.50 ±9.94 and most patients gained moderate social support, accounting for 66.7%. The top three objects of diagnosis disclosure were spouse, other family members and relatives. Patients with the disclosure of diagnosis achieved more social support than those without and the social support difference of patients with varied disclosure objects indicated statistical significance（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Social support of AIDS patients remains in a moderate level. Most AIDS patients disclosed their diagnosis to their spouse and few patients to their friends and colleagues but still some of patients have no willing to disclose their support. Selective diagnosis disclosure benefits AIDS patients ＇achievement of social support and it is important to encourage patients to disclose their diagnosis to those trusted to gain more social support.