健康信念模式教育对社区围绝经期妇女血脂的影响

Effects of Health Belief Model Education on Serum Lipids in Perimenopausal Women

目的 探讨健康信念模式教育对社区围绝经期妇女血脂的影响。方法 便利选择符合入组条件的北京某三级甲等医院所辖社区每年定期随访体检的40-60岁围绝经期健康妇女100例,随机分为干预组（n=53）和对照组（n=47）,干预组采用一对一健康信念模式教育,发放并讲解教育手册,树立健康信念,采取健康的生活方式,并定期进行随访;对照组不进行干预,仅在入组后6个月和12个月分别返回医院测量血脂。在基线、干预后6个月和12个月两组分别测定血总胆固醇、甘油三脂、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。结果 干预后6个月与基线相比,干预组血总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低（P〈0.05）,对照组无变化;干预后12个月与基线相比,两组各血脂指标均无变化,两组干预后12个月与基线差值的差异有统计学意义的指标是血总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。结论 健康信念模式教育可有效降低社区围绝经期妇女血脂水平。

Objective To test the efficacy of health belief model education on serum lipids in perimenopausal women in China.Methods A total of 100 community-based healthy perimenopausal women aged from 40 to 60 were randomly assigned to receive either health belief model education（intervention group, n=53） or usual care（control group, n=47）. Women in intervention group were provided with a booklet and interview one by one and encouraged to followed healthy diet and increased their aerobic activity.Women in control group continued their normal habits. Total cholesterol（TC）, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C） and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）, and triglycerides（TG） were assessed at baseline, the sixth months, and the twelfth month during the follow-up. Results The data from biophysical outcome measures supported the efficacy in intervention group, with significant decreases in women＇s TC and LDL-C. At the sixth month, there were significant decreases in TC and LDL-C in intervention group（P〈0.05）. At the twelfth month, there were significant changes in TC and LDL-C between intervention group and control group. Conclusion The health belief model education can decrease serum lipids in perimenopausal women in China.