复方樟柳碱对糖尿病视网膜病变眼全视网膜光凝后视网膜功能损伤的修复作用

Effect of compound anisodine on retinal function repair in diabetic retinopathy after panretinal photocoagulation

背景 全视网膜光凝（PRP）治疗糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）疗效确切,但可引起血-视网膜屏障破坏,引起黄斑水肿、视功能损害及视野缺损等并发症的发生.应用血管动力促进药物可缓解视网膜的缺血和缺氧状态,从而缓解DR患者PRP后造成的视网膜功能损伤.复方樟柳碱属于此类药物,但其对DR患者视网膜光凝后的作用尚未完全证实. 目的 观察复方樟柳碱颞侧浅层皮下注射对视网膜激光性功能损伤的治疗作用,并评价其临床疗效.方法 采用前瞻性队列研究方法,收集2013年8月至2014年2月确诊为非增生性糖尿病视网膜病变（NPDR）者62例110眼,术眼均行PRP.按照随机数字表法将患眼分为复方樟柳碱组64眼和对照组46眼.复方樟柳碱组患者于视网膜光凝后24 h开始行复方樟柳碱颞侧浅层皮下注射,每天1次,2周为1个疗程,共治疗4个疗程;对照组仅进行视网膜光凝,不给予其他任何干预措施.分别于视网膜光凝前1d及光凝后1d、1个月和2个月检查患眼的视力,评价患眼视力改善率;并于上述时间点分别进行30°～ 60°环形视野和闪光视网膜电图（F-ERG）检测,评价复方樟柳碱注射液对视功能的改善作用.结果 视网膜光凝后2个月,复方樟柳碱组视力改善者55眼,占85.94％,而对照组视力改善者11眼,占23.91％,2个组患眼的视力改善率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=15.425,P=0.000）.视网膜光凝后1d、1个月和2个月,复方樟柳碱组患眼视野平均阈值敏感度分别为（4.15±1.42）、（3.94±1.40）和（4.81±1.41）dB,均明显高于对照组的（3.76±1.52）、（3.53±1.55）和（3.64±1.50）dB,差异均有统计学意义（t=1.39、1.44、1.15,均P＜0.05）.视网膜光凝后1d、1个月和2个月,复方樟柳碱组F-ERG a波、b波振幅均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）. 结论 NPDR患眼行PRP后应用复方樟柳碱颞侧皮下注射可减轻激光视网膜光凝造成的视网膜功能损害.

Background Panretinal photocoagulation （PRP） is an effective method for diabetic retinopathy （DR）.However,PRP causes macular edema and visual impairment.The application of compound anisodine,a vascular dynamic drug can alleviate the adverse effect of PRP,but its effectiveness is not verified yet.Objective This study aimed to investigate the clinical therapeutic effect of compound anisodine on retinal functional damage following PRP in the eyes with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy （NPDR）.Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out from August 2013 to February 2014 in Beijing Tongren Hospital.One hundred and ten eyes with NPDR were included and PRP were performed.The operative eyes were randomized into the compound anisodine group （64 eyes） and control group （46 eyes）.Compound anisodine solution of 2 ml was injected via temporal subcutaneous tissue since the second day after photocoagulation,and the injection was performed once per day for 4 courses in 3-day interval between each course （1 course for 14 days） in the compound anisodine group,and no any drug was used in the control group.The visual acuity,30° to 60° ring visual field and flash electroretinaogram （F-ERG） were examined before photocoagulation and 1 day,1 month and 2 months after photocoagulation to compare the retinal function between the two groups.ResultsThe vision acuity improved in 55 eyes in the compound anisodine group with the rate 85.94%,and that in the control group was 11 eyes with the rate 23.91%,showing a significant difference between the two groups （χ^2 =15.425,P =0.000）.The mean sensitivities of visual field were （4.15 ± 1.42）,（3.94 ± 1.40） and （4.81 ± 1.41） dB in 1 day,1 month and 2 months after photocoagulation in the compound anisodine group,which were significantly higher than （3.76± 1.52）,（3.53± 1.55） and （3.64 ± 1.50） dB of the control group （t =1.39,1.44,1.15,all at P〈0.05）.The amplitudes of a-wave and b-wave of F-ERG were all higher in the compound anisodine group than those in the control group in various time points after photocoagulation （all at P〈0.05）.Conclusions The injection of compound anisodine via temporal subcutaneous tissue can relieve visual functional damage caused by PRP in NPDR eyes.