微小RNA对成骨调控作用的研究进展

Research advances of microRNA in osteogenesis regulation

成骨细胞的分化和功能调控需由体内多种激素和局部产生的细胞因子协同完成。miRNAs（microRNAs）是单股非编码的RNAs小分子,长度在20~24个核苷酸大小。它通过与目标RNA基因的特定序列结合,参与基因转录后水平的调控。研究表明,miRNA能够调控成骨细胞、破骨细胞和软骨细胞的增殖和分化,维持骨形成和骨吸收的平衡,调控软骨的骨化,是生物器官发育和某些骨代谢疾病的重要调控因子。miRNA的发现,揭示了基因组非编码区域蕴涵着重要的功能。因此,利用miRNA治疗临床骨代谢疾病和修复骨缺损具有潜在的临床应用前景。本文对miRNA在骨形成过程中的调控作用及其研究进展作一综述。

The differentiation and function regulation of osteoblast rely on the co-operation between various hormones and cytokines which are locally produced. micro-RNAs（miRNAs） are single strand and non-coding RNAs which comprise20 to 24 nucleotides in length. They are involved in the regulation of post-transcriptional events through combination of specific sequence on target RNA gene. Current literatures indicate that miRNAs can regulate the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblast, osteoclast and cartilage, and maintain the balance between bone formation and bone absorption.They also regulate the ossification of cartilage. Therefore, miRNAs are powerful regulators for biological organ development and some metabolic bone diseases. The discovery of miRNAs shows an important function containing in the noncoding region of genome. They are expected to provide potential gene therapy targets for clinical treatment of metabolic bone diseases and recovery of bone defect. This review summarized the current understanding and progress of microRNAs in osteogenesis regulation.