航天诱变小麦衍生系对主要真菌病害的抗性

Resistance to Main Fungal Diseases of Wheat Derivatives from Space Mutagenesis

为了解航天诱变小麦后代衍生系对条锈病、白粉病和赤霉病的抗性特点,进而从中筛选出高抗且多抗的抗源材料,分别设置了CYR32和CYR33的混合条锈病鉴定圃、关中混合菌系的白粉病鉴定圃、强致病性混合小种CH1的赤霉病鉴定圃。鉴定结果表明,在供试的74份衍生系中,在条锈病方面,感病选系27个,成株期抗病选系30个,全生育期抗病选系17个;在白粉病方面,高感选系13个,中感选系38个,中抗选系19个,高抗选系4个;在赤霉病方面,高感选系33个,中感选系33个,中抗选系8个。三种病害抗性综合鉴定发现,兼抗条锈病和白粉病的选系有23个,其中包括高抗条锈病、高抗白粉病但高感赤霉病的选系3个,中抗条锈病、中抗白粉病但中感赤霉病的选系10个,兼抗条锈病和赤霉病的选系5个;筛选出1个对三种病害都表现中抗特征的选系SPW57-35。这些高抗和多抗突变体衍生系可作为小麦新型抗源材料。

In order to understand the resistance of the progenies of wheat space mutagenesis to stripe rust,powdery mildew and fusarium head blight,and to screen high and multiple resistance materials for wheat resistance breeding,74 advanced progenies were evaluated in 3types of disease nurseries,respectively,i.e.,stripe rust nursery inoculated with two mixed prevalent races（CYR32 and CYR33）;powdery mildew nursery infected with mixed races acquired from Guan Zhong and fusarium head blight nursery infected with CH1.It was showed that among the 74 derived lines,there were 27 lines with susceptibility（S）,30 lines with resistance at adult-plant stage（APR）and 17 lines with resistance at all stage（ASR）to stripe rust;There were 13 lines with susceptibility（S）,38 lines with middle susceptibility（MS）,19 lines with middle resistance（MR）and 4lines with resistance（R）topowdery mildew;There were 33 lines with susceptibility（S）,33 lines with middle susceptibility（MS）,8lines with middle resistance（MR）to powdery mildew.Combining the above findings,there were 23 lines with different degrees of resistance to both stripe rust and powdery mildew,including 3lines with highly resistance to both stripe rust and powdery mildew but susceptible to fusarium head blight,and 10 lines with middle resistance to both stripe rust and powdery mildew but were middle susceptibility to fusarium head blight;there were 5lines with different degrees of resistance to both stripe rust and fusarium head blight.SPW57-35 had middle resistance to all the three diseases.These high resistance and multi-resistant materials could be used as a resistant resource in wheat improvement.