浙江6个地方猪种的mtDNA控制区多态性分析

Analysis on Mitochondrial DNA Control Region Polymorphism in Six Domestic Pig Breeds in Zhejiang Province

本研究对淳安花猪等6个浙江地方猪种的116条mtDNA序列进行了多态性分析,参照猪群为长白猪和皖南花猪。结果显示,浙江地方猪种581bp mtDNA控制区序列中共存在14个变异位点,群体的核苷酸多样度Pi值为0.00403±0.00036;单倍型多样度Hd值为0.835±0.018。地方猪的单倍型从Hap_5至Hap_19共15种,而长白猪为Hap_1至Hap_4。淳安花猪和皖南花猪的单倍型频率均以Hap_8为主(0.680和0.833);嘉兴黑猪以Hap_5(0.625)为主;嵊县花猪和碧湖猪均以Hap_6为主(0.500和0.375);岔路黑猪以Hap_5、Hap_8居多(0.429和0.429);金华猪有11种单倍型,频率最高的是Hap_5(0.241)。NJ系统发生树中,浙江地方猪种大致可分为5支(编号A^E),其中,淳安花猪主要出现在E支,个体数占淳安花猪样本数的68.0%(17/25);C支全为金华猪,个体数占金华猪样本数的29.3%(17/58);D支金华猪个体数占金华猪样本数的24.1%(14/58)。本研究结果表明,浙江地方猪种的mtDNA多态性较为丰富,且与长白猪在基因序列上存在明显差别。地方猪种的单倍型组成和频率与其地理分布及品种的形成特点有密切关系。

This study analyzed one 116 mitochondrial DNA sequences from Chun＇an spotted pigs and other five domestic pig breeds in Zhejiang province. The referenced pig breeds were Landrace and Wannan spotted pigs. The results showed that the 581 bp mtDNA control region sequence of Zhejiang domestic pig breeds included 14 variable sites. The nucleotide diversity was 0. 00403 ± 0. 00036 and the haplotype diversity was 0. 835 ± 0. 018. There were 15 haplotypes which from Hap_5 to Hap_19 in domestic pigs,and Landrace haplotypes were from Hap_l to Hap_4. The highest haplotype frequency in Chun＇an spotted pigs and Wannan spotted pigs was Hap_8 （0. 680 and 0. 833）. Hap_5 frequency was highest in Jiaxing Black pigs （0. 625）, and in Shengxian spotted pigs and Bihu pigs that was Hap_6 （0. 500 and 0. 375）. Hap_5 and Hap_8 frequencys were high mainly in Chalu Black pigs （0. 429 and 0. 429）. Jinhua pigs had eleven haplotypes and the highest frequency was Hap_ 5 （0. 241）. A Neighbor-Joining phylogeny tree revealed 5 clades which signed from A to E among 6 Zhejiang domestic pig breeds. Chun＇an spotted pigs belonged to E clade mainly,and the samples percent in Chun＇an spotted pigs was 68.0% （17/25）. C clade were all Jinhua pigs,and the samples percent in Jinhua pigs was 29.3% （17/58）. Meanwhile,the percent of Jinhua pigs in D clade was 24.1% （14/58）. It was concluded that the mtDNA control region polymorphism in Zhejiang domestic pig breeds were rich relatively and its mutations of base were different obviously from Landrace. There was close relationship between haplotype composition and frequency of domestic pigs and their geographic distribution and breed characteristics.