论康德的“勿说谎”是一条对自己的完全义务

Kant's Notion of “Not to Lie”:A Perfect Duty toward Ourselves

康德将"勿说谎"纳入义务论范畴,并将之视作理性人必须遵守的道德规范。但是基于不同的康德著作,学者们在将"勿说谎"理解为对于自己还是对于他人的完全义务问题上产生了分歧。本文在分析康德关于义务类型的不同划分基础上,从德性与法权的区分出发,认为不管是依据康德文本还是其义务理论的内在结构,"勿说谎"义务都应该被理解为一条对于自己的完全义务。

＂Not to lie＂ is attributed into the duties＇ categories by Kant,and seen as a moral rule which rational people ought to conform to. Based on the Kant＇s different works,scholars have different opinions about whether the perfect duty of ‘Not to lie＇ is towards ourselves or other human beings. Based on the analysis of Kant＇s division of duties and division of the virtue and the law,this paper holds that the notion of ‘Not to lie＇should be understood as a perfect duty towards ourselves on the basis of both Kant＇s different works and the inherent structure of the theory of duty.