论河西走廊在西北边防体系中的地位——以乾隆中期关于陕甘总督治所选择问题的两次讨论为视角

The Importance of Hexi Corridor in the Northwest Frontier Defense System of the Qing Dynasty——From the Perspective of Two Discussions on the Sites of Shangan Viceroy

在与准噶尔将近百年的军事斗争当中,河西地区逐渐成为清廷经营西疆的战略基地和进军新疆的战略通道,地位越来越重要,河西走廊之肃州、甘州、兰州先后成为陕甘总督及甘肃巡抚、甘肃提督治所。从甘肃行省系统的两个体系来看,其建置重心均位于包括兰州在内的河西地区。自顺治二年至康熙二年,甘肃军政建制的两大支柱——甘肃巡抚和甘肃提督建置完成,其治所均位于河西诸城,反映了清代河西走廊在甘肃行省的重要性。就甘肃行省的军事政治地位而论,无论从控驭番回的角度,还是从经营西疆的要求来看,河西各府州之重要性明显超过河东各府州。

In the Northwest frontier defence system of the Qing Dynasty,Hexi Corridor was of great importance to the national defense. The cities in the Hexi Corridor,such as Ganzhou and Suzhou had been the sites of Shangan Viceroy in deferent periods. Hexi Corridor was not only the base of the Northwest frontier defense system of the Qing Dynasty,but also the corridor of exploring new frontiers in Northwest China.