胶泥缓冲器与履带车辆悬挂系统的动力学匹配

Dynamics matching between elastomer damper and tracked vehicle suspension system

为了改善履带车辆被动悬挂系统在各种路面的平稳性,设计了一款具有单向节流阀结构的新型的粘弹性胶泥缓冲器。分析了胶泥缓冲器在履带车辆悬挂系统中的4种匹配方案,确定了第1负重轮垂直振动加速度和相对动行程作为履带车辆行驶平稳性的评价指标。对履带车辆悬挂系统建立了动力学仿真模型和相应的动力学方程,对不同匹配方案在路况较差的E、F级路面和车速为30km/h的条件下进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明：随着阻尼比的增加,第1负重轮垂直振动加速度先减小然后再增加,第一负重轮相对动行程逐渐减小;在车速和路况给定的条件下,存在一个使车体垂直振动最小的最佳阻尼比,最佳阻尼比取决于路况和胶泥缓冲器的匹配方案这2个影响因素;并且确定了最佳阻尼比的调控范围是0.05~0.20,最终确定了1-2-6匹配方案是胶泥缓冲器的最佳匹配方案。研究为胶泥材料的配方和胶泥缓冲器的优化设计及提高车辆的行驶平稳性提供了理论指导。

In order to improve the riding comfort of passive suspension system for the tracked vehicles in all kinds of roads,a new viscoelastic elastomer damper with one-way throttle valve structure was designed.Four matching schemes between the elastomer damper and tracked vehicle suspension system were analyzed,and vertical vibration acceleration and relative dynamics stroke of the first loading wheels were defined as the evaluating indicators of tracked vehicle＇s riding comfort.A dynamics simulation model and dynamics formula on tracked vehicle＇s suspension system was built,and different matching schemes on the E or F Grade road condition at the speed of 30km/h were analyzed and compared.The simulation results show that with the increase of the damping ratio,the vertical vibration acceleration of the first loading wheels decreases at first and then increases,but the relative dynamics stroke of the first loading wheels decreases gradual-ly.At a given speed and road conditions,there exists a best damping ratio which makes the vehicle body＇s vertical vibration minimize,and the best damping ratio depends on the load conditions and the elastomer damper＇s matching schemes.The adjusting range of the best damping ratio is determined from 0.05 to 0.2.Finally,the best matching scheme of elastomer damper is 1-2-6matching scheme.The research provides theoretical guidance for the formula of elastomer material,the optimal design of elastomer damper and the improvement of tracked vehicle＇s riding comfort.