大亚湾混凝土鱼礁和铁质鱼礁附着生物群落结构的季节变化

Seasonal variation of biofouling communities on concrete and steel reefs in Daya Bay

2008年分4个季节对深圳大亚湾混凝土礁体和铁质礁体上附着生物进行调查。结果显示,生物群落的种类组成存在季节差异。混凝土礁体秋季群落组成最丰富(60种),其次为夏季(58种)、春季(56种)和冬季(37种),其中仅23种为群落的共有种。不同季节群落的生物量为冬季﹥秋季﹥春季﹥夏季,而物种优势度(Y)差异不显著;不同季节的物种丰富度指数(R)为秋季>夏季>春季>冬季,物种多样性指数(H')为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季,均匀度指数(E)为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季。铁质礁体春季群落组成最丰富(70种),其次是夏季(57种)、秋季(51种)和冬季(41种),其中仅17种为群落的共有种。不同季节群落的生物量为春季﹥秋季﹥夏季﹥冬季,而物种Y差异不显著;不同季节的物种R为春季>夏季>冬季>秋季,H'为冬季>夏季>秋季>春季,E为冬季>夏季>秋季>春季。然而,混凝土礁体和铁质礁体附着生物群落的R、H'和E季节变化不显著,且2种材质礁体相比,附着生物群落变化不明显。

We investigated the biofouling communities on concrete and steel reefs in Daya Bay, Shenzhen, in May, July, October and December, 2008. Seasonal variation of species composition of biofouling communities was significant. On concrete reefs, 60 spe- cies were found in autumn, 58 in summer, 56 in spring and 37 in winter; only 23 species were found simultaneously in four seasons. The descending order of biomass of biofouling communities was winter 〉 autumn 〉 spring 〉 summer. No significant difference in season- al species dominance was found. The index of richness （R） was autumn 〉 summer 〉 spring 〉 winter; the index of Shannon-Wiener （H＇） was summer 〉 autumn 〉 spring 〉 winter; the index of evenness （E） was summer 〉 autumn 〉 spring 〉 winter. On steel reefs, 70 species were found in spring, 57 in summer, 51 in autumn and 41 in winter; only 17 species were found simultaneously in four sea- sons. The biomass of biofouling communities was spring 〉 autumn 〉 summer 〉 winter. No significant difference in seasonal species dom- inance （Y） was found. The R value was spring 〉 summer 〉 winter 〉 autumn ; the H＇ value was winter 〉 summer 〉 autumn 〉 spring; the E value was winter 〉 summer 〉 autumn 〉 spring. However, no significant difference in R, H＇ and E values was found, neither was biofouling communities between concrete and steel reefs.