乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状群及其影响因素分析

Analysis on symptom clusters of breast cancer patients receiving postoperative chemotherapy and its influencing factors

[目的]探讨乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状群的种类,分析影响症状群严重程度的因素。[方法]采用一般资料调查表、乳腺癌化疗病人症状测评量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表对169例乳腺癌术后化疗病人进行调查;通过探索性因子分析统计病人症状群的种类,通过多元线性回归探索症状群的影响因素。[结果]乳腺癌术后化疗病人存在4个症状群,分别为精神神经症状群、皮肤黏膜症状群、上消化道症状群及激素相关性症状群;焦虑、抑郁、年龄、化疗方案、化疗疗程和职业状态是症状群严重程度的影响因素。[结论]医护人员应从症状群的角度对病人进行症状管理,并根据影响症状群严重程度的因素对病人实施个体化干预措施,在减轻病人症状负担的同时,提高其生存期生活质量。

Objective： To probe into the species of breast cancer patients receiving postoperative chemotherapy and analyze the influencing factors of the severity of symptom clusters. Methods：A total of 169 breast cancer pa- tients receiving postoperative chemotherapy were investigated by the general information questionnaire, Symp- tom Assessment Scale for breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The species of patient＇ s symptoms clusters were counted by exploratory factor analysis, the influencing factors of symptoms clusters were explored by multiple linear regressions. Results： There were four symptom clusters in breast cancer patients receiving postoperative chemotherapy,and they were respectively neuropsychi- atric symptom clusters, mucocutaneous symptom clusters, upper gastrointestinal symptom clusters and hor- mone - related symptom clusters. The influencing factors of the severity of symptom clusters included anxiety, depression,age, chemotherapy program, chemotherapy treatment course and occupational status. Conclusion： Medical personnel should manage patients from the perspective of symptom clusters and carry out individual in- tervention for patients based on the influencing factors of the severity of symptom clusters. While alleviating the burden of patient＇s symptoms,they should improve their quality of life during survival period.