某三级医院2012年医院感染现患率调查与分析

Investigation on Nosocomial Infection Prevalence Rate in A Tertiary Hospital in 2012

目的了解医院感染的现状和特点,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法采取床旁调查和查阅住院病历相结合的方法,对2012年12月18日住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查。结果共调查住院患者1 083例,现患率为6.00%;医院感染现患率最高的科室为重症医学科(28.57%),其次为血液科(20.00%)和神经外科(20.00%);下呼吸道感染(38.46%)为主要感染部位,其次为浅表手术切口感染(13.85%);抗菌药物使用率为30.56%;共检出病原菌40株,主要为肺炎克雷伯菌(15.0%)、铜绿假单胞菌(12.5%)和大肠埃希菌(10.0%)。结论应加强重点部门和重点部位的医院感染监测,加强抗菌药物管理,根据病情需要尽量减少侵入性操作。

Objective To learn the current situation and feature of nosocomial infection （NI）, so as to provide reference for making the prevention measures. Methods Prevalence rate ofnosocomial infection in patients hospitalized on December 18, 2012 was investigated by the combination of bed-side examination and medical record checking. Results A total of 1 083 patients were surveyed, and the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 6.00%. Intensive Care Unit had the highest NI prevalence （28.57%）, followed by Hematology Department （20.00%） and Neurosurgery Department （20.00%）. Lower respiratory tract （38.46%） was the main infection site, followed by superficial surgical incision （13.85%）. The usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 30.56%, and 40 strains of pathogens were isolated, in which Klebsiella pneumonia （15.0%）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （12.5%） and Escherichia coli （10.0%） were the main ones. Conclusion Target monitoring management of key departments and key sites should be strengthened, and the management of antimicrobial agents should be stressed and invasive procedures should be decreased.