定西市2011—2013年流行性感冒哨点监测结果分析

Analysis of Influenza Sentinel Surveillance in Dingxi From 2011 to 2013

目的 了解定西市流感病毒的活动特点,监测流感流行趋势,为制定流感防治策略提供科学依据.方法 采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法对流感样病例标本进行核酸检测分型,对定西市2011-2013年的流感样病例监测资料进行描述性分析.结果 2011-2013年共监测流感样病例2 264例,3年间各月流感样病例比较差异有统计学意义（x^2=324.760,P=0.000）;流感样病例主要集中在14岁及以下儿童,3年间流感样病例年龄构成比差异有统计学意义（x^2=133.870,P=0.000）;采集咽拭子样本1 282份,检测出病毒流感病毒核酸阳性241份,阳性率为18.80％,3年间核酸阳性率比较差异有统计学意义（x^2=291.173,P=0.000）.结论 定西市流感流行高峰主要在冬、春两季,病原防控重点是B型和新甲H1型流感病毒,表现出交替占优势的特征;重点人群是0～14岁儿童,特别是在园、在校学生.今后应进一步加强冬春季节少年儿童流感预防控制工作,继续做好流感哨点监测,为流感防控提供依据.

OBJECTIVE To monitor the influenza epidemic tendency, understand the characteristics of influenza virus activity in Dingxi and provide scientific basis for the formulation of influenza prevention and control strategies. METHODS Using real-time quantitative RT-PCR method to detection ILl specimen nucleic acid type, and to describe the analysis of influenza -like illness surveillance data in Dingxi from 2011 to 2013. RESULTS Influenza like cases were 2264 cases from 2011 to 2013. ILI% the difference was statistically significant （X^2=324.760, P=O.000） each month;influenza like cases were mainly concentrated in the aged 14 and under from 2011 to 2013, ILI% was statistically significant differenee（X^2=133.870, P=0.000） three years; collecting throat swab sample 1 282 to detection vi- rus, influenza virus nucleic acid was detected form 241 samples, the positive rate was 18.80%, the difference was statistically signifi- cant for 3 years nucleic acid positive rate（X^2=291.173, P=0.000）. CONCLUSION The epidemic peaks of influenza were winter and spring in Dingxi. The pathogen prevention key is B type and H1 type influenza viruses. Focus group was 0-14 years old children, es- pecially in the garden school students; it should further strengthen the winter and spring seasons children influenza prevention and control work, continue to do sentinel surveillance of influenza, and to provide the basis for the prevention and control of influenza.