广佛都市区交通网络发展及其多指标可达性演变分析

Transport Network Development and Evolution Analysis of Multiple Indicator Accessibility in Guangzhou-Foshan Metropolitan Area

本文以1982、1995、2008、2020年为时间断面,回顾并展望了广佛都市区交通网络扩展情况,利用GIS手段,从最短空间距离可达性、最短时间距离可达性、吸引机会指数三个方面,研究广佛市区交通网络发展。结果表明:研究区内交通基础设施建设总体优良;最短空间距离的可达性格局由沿珠江北岸的带状分布,演变为以广州中心城区为核心的圈层结构;最短时间距离的可达性格局表现为以广州中心城区为低值中心向外围不规则圈层状增高,且呈交通主干道指向性;都市区内的最短旅行时间和最短旅行距离显著缩短,但三个时段的变化幅度逐渐减小;可达性的均衡性经历了低级相对均衡——不均衡——高级相对均衡的过程;吸引机会指数由单极集中转变为三大组团式发展,番禺区西部成为新热点;地形、路网、人口、经济、政府调控等多重因素共同影响了广佛都市区的可达性的格局演变。

This paper reviews the development of transport network in Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area, in the year 1982, 1995, 2008 and 2020 respectively. By GIS tools, based on space and time distance accessibility as well as attractive indexes of probability, the authors reveal the evolution rule and characteristics of accessibility. Results indicate that transport infrastructure construction in the study area is excellent on the whole; the evolution pattern of space distance accessibility is changing from zonal distribution along the north bank of the Pearl River, to a core layer structure centralized by the city center in Guangzhou; he time accessibility value increases from Guangzhou＇s city center to its periphery with the irregular circles, directing to the main roads. Travel time and distance are reduced significantly, while the increasing rate decreases gradually during three periods of time; the unevenness in regional accessibility experiences a process of ＂relatively low balance-imbalance-relatively high balance＂ trend; the pattern of attractive indexes of probability shifts from unipolar concentration to three- group development, western Panyu becomes a new hotspot; multiple factors, such as terrain, transport network, population, economy and government regulation, affect the evolution of the pattern of accessibility in the study area.