社会融合对广州市流动人口长期居留意愿的影响

The Influence of Social Integration on the Migrants' Willingness of Long-term Residence in Guangzhou City

利用2012年广州市流动人口动态监测数据,从经济融入水平、社会融入水平和心理融入水平等角度分析流动人口的长期居留意愿。Logit回归结果显示:相对于低收入水平的人来说,较高收入水平的人长期居留意愿更高,自购房屋的流动人口比租房和住单位集体宿舍人表现出更高的长期居留意;与当地人经常交往的流动人口更愿意在广州长期居住,享有城镇职工养老保险的流动人口由于受到制度保障更愿意在广州定居,积极参与社区活动对流动人口的长期居留意愿也发挥着正向的影响;心理融入水平从主观意愿和客观体验两方面影响着流动人口的长期居留意愿。新型城镇化首先是人的城镇化,社会融合程度的不断提高可以增强流动人口的居留意愿。要促进流动人口市民化,增强他们的长期居留意愿,我们可以采取以下措施:通过培训提高流动人口的技能,进而提高其收入;将流动人口纳入廉租房范围;拓宽流动人口参与社会公共事务的渠道,构建以促进社会融合为目标的社区文化;加快流动人口服务均等化进程。

This paper addresses the impact of social integration on the willingness of long-term residence with the use of Logit model,using floating population dynamic monitoring data of Guangzhou city in 2012. It finds： the odds ratio of the willingness of long-term residence for migrants with higher income is higher than those who have lower income,the odds ratio of the willingness of long-term residence for migrants who purchase houses is higher than those who rent houses or living dormitories;Floating population who interact with local residence prefer for long-term residence in Guangzhou,Migrants who enjoy social insurance and actively participate in community activities are more willing to settle in Guangzhou;Psychological integration plays an important part in long-term willingness of residence in terms of subjective willingness of integration and objective experience of being accepted. The urbanization of man is the most important in new urbanization plan,rising levels of social integration can enhance the floating population residing preference. According to the results,we put forward suggestions for promoting the migrants：Firstly,we should improve their income by strengthening the skill training,and the migrants should be covered by the lower rent house policy;Secondly,we should increase the ways to participate in public affairs and build a harmonious community. At last,we should speed up the process of service equalization for floating population.