福建省海岸带主体功能区划评价指标体系构建与应用研究

Construction and application of evaluation system for principal coastal functional zoning in Fujian Province

研究了福建省海岸带主体功能区划边界范围的确定、基本单元的划分、评价指标体系的构建及评价方法等关键问题.研究结果表明,海岸带主体功能区划的范围必须涵盖海洋资源开发活动的集中区域,福建省海岸带主体功能区划边界范围为:陆域界限为海岸线向陆一侧的沿海县(市、区)行政管理界线,海域界限为海岸线至海湾外20 m(等深线);划分海岸带主体功能区划基本单元时把海域及依托的陆域作为一个整体,把沿海县(市、区)行政管辖的陆域和海域作为基本评价单元,福建省海岸带主体功能区划的基本单元为24个,区划陆域面积为27 689 km2,海域面积为13 393km2;筛选了23个评价指标构建了海岸带主体功能区划评价指标体系,具体包括土地面积、海域面积、森林覆盖率、人均海岸线长度等;用层次分析法(AHP)确定每个评价指标的权重(W),应用综合评价模型对资源环境承载力、现有开发密度和发展潜力进行综合评价,并采用层次聚类分析法对综合指数进行等级划分(低、中、较高、高4个等级),最后得出福建省海岸带区域各基本单元的资源环境承载力(A1)、现有开发密度(A2)和发展潜力(A3).研究结果基本符合海岸带区域管理实际,为其他海岸带主体功能区划研究提供参考.

This paper focuses on several key issues on principal coastal functional zoning（ PCFZ） in provincial level including determination of boundaries,division of sub-units,establishment of evaluation indicator system,and methods of evaluation. The results show that the determination of inland boundary is based on the administrative border in the county（ city or districts） level,and the sea demarcation is announced by the provincial government and by 20 m isobath outwards of the coast of Fujian Province. The subunits division of PCFZ in provincial level integrates the sea area and the concerned inland and takes the administrative jurisdiction of inland and sea areas in coastal county（ city or districts） level as an evaluation sub-unit. With 24 basic units of PCFZ in Fujian Province where it has land areas of 27 689 km2 and sea areas of 13 393 km2. The evaluation indication system of provincial PCFZ includes 23 indications,such as land and sea areas,forest coverage,shoreline per person. The method of analytic hierarchy process（ AHP） was used to determine the weights; and comprehensive evaluation model was applied to evaluate the resources and environment carrying capacity（ A1）,the existing development density（ A2） and the potential development（ A3）. And then hierarchical cluster analysis（ HCA） was used to classify 4 levels of low,medium,relatively high,and very high. Finally level of 24 basic units of PCFZ of Fujian Province was arrived.The research results in this paper generally conform to the actual management situation in coastal area and it can be taken as reference for PCFZ in other management levels.