海南西瑁洲岛周边海域造礁石珊瑚空间分布及其生态系统健康评价

Spatial distribution and ecosystem health assessment of hermatypic corals in surrounding waters of Ximaozhou Island,Hainan

采用截线样条法（line intercept transect）于2011年3月对海南省西瑁洲岛周边海域的造礁石珊瑚进行调查,同时采集水样及生物样品进行分析,并结合2006-2011年海南西瑁洲岛南部造礁石珊瑚监测数据,探讨西瑁洲岛周边海域造礁石珊瑚的空间分布及其生态系统健康状况.结果显示,2011年西瑁洲岛周边区域造礁石珊瑚有13科43种,优势种为丛生盔形珊瑚（Galaxea fascicularis）,活造礁石珊瑚平均覆盖率范围为0.80%-34.83%;死造礁石珊瑚平均覆盖率范围为0-12.50%,造礁石珊瑚平均补充量范围为0.03-0.90ind./m2,活造礁石珊瑚覆盖率与珊瑚补充量在浮泸仔周边海域相对较高,在堆头附近海域最低;死造礁石珊瑚覆盖率高值区在角头顶及牛鼻岭周边海域,其他地方死造礁石珊瑚覆盖率差别较小.受人为活动影响,西瑁洲岛珊瑚礁生态系统目前处于亚健康状态,其中水环境和生物残毒处于健康状态,栖息地与生物指标处于亚健康状态.

Spatial distribution and assessment of the ecosystem health of the hermatypic corals in the surrounding areas of Ximaozhou Island,as well as water quality and biological quality,was investigated with method of line intercept transect in 2011 March. The data of the hermatypic corals in Ximaozhou Island from 2006 to 2011 was also considerate for the study. The results show that the hermatypic corals in areas of Ximaozhou Island have 13 families and 43 species,and the dominant species was Galaxea fascicularis. The average coverage of the living hermatypic corals was ranged from 0. 80% to 34. 83%,average coverage of the dead hermatypic corals was from 0. 00% to12. 50%,and recruitment of hermatypic corals was 0. 03 to 0. 90 ind. / m2. The average coverage of the living hermatypic corals and the recruitment of the hermatypic corals in Lufuzai of Ximaozhou Island was relatively high and it followed the south and north sides of Ximaozhou Island and Duitou which was the lowest. The high value area about the average coverage of the dead hermatypic corals was in the surrounding waters of Jiaotouding and Niubiling while there were no difference in other locations of Ximaozhou Island. Affected by human activity,the coral reef ecosystem in Ximaozhou Island was in a sub-healthy state. However the water environmental and biological residue were found in a state of health in contrast to the sub-healthy habitat and organisms in these areas.