牧草染色体核型和带型分析研究进展

Research Progress of Forage Karyotype and Chromosome Banding Analyses

植物染色体的核型和带型分析对物种基因图谱的构建、亲缘关系的确定、种质资源的保存、进化过程的探索、植物学分类及育种等方面的研究具有重要作用。分析了植物染色体核型和带型研究的异同点,并从取材、预处理、固定、解离、制片及染色等方面系统综述了牧草核型和带型分析的研究进展。核型和带型分析方法需要进一步的规范和标准化,在种质资源评价、种子劣变生理等方面将成为牧草核型与带型分析研究的重点。

The karyotype and chromosome banding analyses of plants played an important role on the con- struction of genetic map, identification of genetic relationship, preservation of germplasm resources, ex- ploration of evolution process, plant classification and breeding. This paper analyzed the similarities and differences between karyotype and chromosome banding researches systematically, and summarized the re- search progress about karyotype and chromosome banding analysis of forage plants from the aspects of sampling, pretreatment, stationary, dissociation, squash and dye. However, it is necessary for the analysis methods of karyotype and banding pattern to be further specified and standardized, and it will be the emphasis of karyotype and chromosome banding analysis on the evaluation of germplasm resources and the physiology research of seed deterioration in forage plants.