颗粒物与雾霾的形成及防治措施

Particulate Matter and Formation of Haze and Their Prevention Measures

介绍了正确区分雾和雾霾的方法,分析颗粒物的来源,重点讨论了颗粒物的形成机理、理化特性以及颗粒物与雾霾形成的关系,阐述了雾霾带来的危害。结果表明,大气中存在的大量颗粒物尤其是细颗粒物,对太阳光起到吸收、折射和散射作用,是形成雾霾的根本原因;细颗粒物的形成与SO2、NOx、VOCs等气态污染物密切相关;通过采取相应措施,可以有效减少大气中的颗粒物数量。

A right method is introduced to distinguish fog and haze and analyze the source of particulate matter（PM）.The formation mechanism,physical and chemical features of particles and the relationship between the particles and the formation of haze are discussed.The harms brought by the haze are also elaborated.The results obtained reveal that the presence of large amounts of PM,especially fine PM in the atmosphere,has an effect on the sunlight through absorption,reflection and scattering,which is the fundamental cause of haze formation.The formation of fine PM is closely related to the gaseous pollutants such as SO2,NOx,VOCs and so on.Taking appropriate measures can reduce the number of particles effectively.