福建某含银多金属矿工艺矿物学及银的高效回收

Mineralogy of a Silver-bearing Polymetallic Ore in Fujian and Silver Efficiently Recovering

利用MLA自动矿物分析仪（Mineral Liberation Analyzer）对福建某银多金属矿进行工艺矿物学研究,并根据银及铜铅锌矿物嵌布特征和赋存状态,选择合理的浮选原则流程,实现回收铜铅锌主金属的同时高效回收共伴生银。工艺矿物学研究表明,该银多金属矿黄铜矿与方铅矿共生关系密切,铁闪锌矿结晶粒度粗大,与硫铁矿物和脉石矿物连生。矿石中55.93%的银以辉银矿单体形式存在,其他银与铋、铅、硫元素形成硫银矿和辉铋银铅矿等以微细包裹体或类质同象形式存在于黄铜矿、铜蓝及部分方铅矿中,黄铜矿、硫银铋矿、方铅矿中的银分布率分别为29.96%、8.18%、4.53%,因此提高铜铅回收率是银高效回收的关键。浮选试验表明,对铜捕收能力强的Z-200与对铅矿物捕收能力强的SN-9#组合使用可以获得较高的铜铅回收率,银回收率与铜铅回收率具有相关性,铜铅回收率高时银回收率也高。当磨矿细度为-74μm占70%,以SN-9#和Z-200组合捕收剂浮选铜铅矿物,以石灰调节矿浆p H值在10~11,可以获得含银3 704.1 g/t,银回收率90.26%的铜铅混合精矿。

Process mineralogy of a silver polymetallic ore in Fujian is investigated with Automatic Mineral Analyzers（ MLA）,and a reasonable basic flowsheet based on the forms and carriers of silver,copper,lead and zinc minerals,is adopted to recover copper,lead and zinc,simultaneously to recover the associated silver efficiently.It is indicated by mineralogy of the silver polymetallic ore that the chalcopyrite and galena are closely symbiotic,marmatite are of coarse grain sizes and associated with pyrite and gangue minerals.The 55.93% silver in the ore are in argentite,the others are the components of acanthite and gustavite with bismuth,lead and sulfur,in forms of isomorphic and subtle inclusion in chalcopyrite,covelline and galena.The distributions of silver in chalcopyrite,covellite and galena are29.96%,8.18% and 4.53%,respectively.So the key issue on efficiently recovering silver is the improvement of the copper and lead recoveries.The flotation test results show that the high recoveries of copper and lead are achieved by applying the combination collectors of Z-200 with high collection ability for copper minerals and SN-9#with strong lead mineral collection ability.The silver recovery is related to lead and copper recoveries,the higher the recoveries of copper and lead,the higher the silver recovery.When grain size fraction less than 74 μm is 70%,SN-9#and Z-200 as combined collector,adjusting the slurry p H of between 10 ~ 11 with lime,the mixed copper and lead concentrate can be obtained with silver content 3 704.1 g / t and silver recovery 90.26%.