神经内科失禁结构化皮肤护理方案的设计与效果评价

Design and effect assessment of incontinence structured skin care regimen for patients in Neurology Department

目的：设计神经内科患者失禁结构化皮肤护理方案，观察结构化皮肤护理方案的应用效果。方法选择2012年7—12月收入神经内科的108例失禁患者作为对照组，选择2013年1—6月收入神经内科的96例失禁患者作为观察组，对照组实施常规护理，观察组实施失禁结构化皮肤护理方案，比较两组患者失禁相关性皮炎发生率、失禁相关性皮炎愈合时间及失禁相关性皮炎严重程度。结果观察组失禁相关性皮炎发生率（22．92％）低于对照组（43．52％），差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝8．75， P＜0．05）；观察组失禁相关性皮炎愈合时间（4．42±1．17）d短于对照组的（5．36±1．97）d，差异有统计学意义（t＝－2．40，P＜0．05）；观察组失禁相关性皮炎严重程度轻于对照组，差异有统计学意义（Z＝－5．14，P＜0．01）。结论失禁结构化皮肤护理方案使失禁患者皮肤护理方法标准化，将皮肤护理的内容以护理路径的形式表现出来，降低失禁相关性皮炎发生率，减轻失禁相关性皮炎的严重程度，缩短失禁相关性皮炎的病程。

Objective To design Incontinence Structured Skin Care Regimen （ ISSCR ） for patients in Neurology Department , to observe the application effect of ISSCR .Methods A total of 108 patients with incontinence dermatitis hospitalized to Neurology Department in our hospital from July to December 2012 were selected as control group , and 96 patients hospitalized from January to June 2013 being chosen as experimental group.The patients in the control group received routine nursing , while the patients in the experimental group underwent ISSCR . We compared the incidence rate , recovery length and severity degree of incontinence dermatitis.Results The incidence rate of incontinence dermatitis was 22.92%in the experimental group , which was lower than 43.52% in the control group （χ^2 =8.75,P〈0.05）, while the recovery length of incontinence dermatitis was （4.42 ±1.17） d in the experimental group compared with （5.36 ±1.97） d in the control group （t=-2.40, P 〈0.05 ）, and the severity degree showed the same trend （ t =-5.14, P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusions ISSCR standardizes the method of incontinence dermatitis nursing , and represents the content of skin care by nursing pathway .ISSCR contributes to the incidence rate , severity degree and recovery length of incontinence dermatitis .