对本科护生老年人及老年护理专业态度和认知的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of attitude and knowledge towards elderly nursing among undergraduate nursing students

目的：了解本科护生对老年人的态度和老龄化知识，并分析影响其从事老年护理工作的因素。方法便利抽取某大学一年级和三年级共112名本科护生，采用人口学调查表、Kogan老年人态度量表（ KAOP）和Palmore老年知识问卷（ FAQ1）进行调查。结果85．7％的本科护生没有系统地学习老龄化知识，75．0％表示对老年人感兴趣，65．2％愿意毕业后从事老年护理工作。112名（100．0％）本科护生对老年人均持积极态度（KAOP得分＞102分），一年级护生得分（145．5±11．3）分，三年级护生得分（132．9±11．9）分，差异有统计学意义（t ＝5．6，P＜0．05）。一年级护生对老龄化知识得分（12．0±2．3）分，三年级护生得分（12．9±2．5）分，差异有统计学意义（ t＝－2．0，P＜0．05）。本科护生的年龄和老龄化知识得分与对老年人态度得分呈相关性（r值分别为0．231，－0．374；P＜0．05），对老年人的兴趣与是否愿意从事老年护理工作呈正相关（r＝0．314，P＜0．01）。结论本科护生对老年人均持正向态度，知识正确率较低，提示应该转变老年护理教学模式，提高护生对老年人的正确认识和兴趣，以培养更多优秀的老年护理人才。

Objective To explore the attitude and knowledge towards elderly among undergraduate nursing student , and to investigate the factors which influencing their willingness to work with elderly . Methods A total of 112 freshmen and junior nursing students were chosen by convenience method as sample in one university and surveyed by demographic questions , the Kogan′s Attitude toward Older People （ KAOP） and the Palmore′s Facts on Aging Quiz 1 （ FAQ 1）.Results 85.7% of participates had not learned the aging knowledge systematically , and 75.0% presented interest in aged people while 65.2% showed willingness to work for elderly .All students showed a positive attitude towards elderly （ KAOP 〉102 ） , and the freshmen acquired （145.5 ±11.3） scores while junior students gained （132.9 ±11.9） scores （t=5.6,P〈0.05）. Meanwhile, freshmen obtained （12.0 ±2.3） scores for the knowledge of aging whilst junior students achieved （12.9 ±2.5） scores （t=-2.0,P〈0.05）.The age of students had positive correlation with the knowledge of aging, but negative correlation with attitude towards elderly （r =0.231, -0.374,respectively;P 〈0.05）. Students who were more interested in elderly showed more willingness to work for elderly （r=0.314,P〈0.01）. Conclusions Undergraduate nursing students have a positive attitude towards elderly , and have shortage of aging knowledge , which implied that we should change the curriculum model to improve the right view and interest toward elderly , and cultivate more excellent geriatric nursing students .