重庆市北碚区2013年手足口病流行特征及病原学监测分析

Genotype and epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease of Beibei district in Chongqing province in 2013

目的了解重庆市北碚区2013年手足口病流行规律和病原学特征。方法采用描述流行病学方法对重庆市北碚区2013年手足口疫情资料进行分析。结果北碚区2013年共报告手足口病病例858例,发病率为125.26/10万;一年内呈现两次发病高峰,10~12月出现发病主高峰,4~6月出现次高峰;街道发病率高于乡镇,差异有统计学意义（χ2=152.72,P〈0.01）;男性发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.01,P〈0.01）;年龄集中在1~3岁,占病例总数的70.51%。病原学监测结果显示,以其他肠道病毒感染为主,占71.15%。90.91%的聚集疫情发生于托幼机构。结论手足口病的发病有明显时间、地区、年龄、性别特征,加强疫情和病原学监测是控制手足口病的关键。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, pathogenic serotype and regular pattern of hand foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Beibei . Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of HFMD in Beibei in 2013. Results A total of 858 HFMD cases were repor- ted during the period, the incidence rates of HFMD cases were 125.06/100000. The peak seasons of HFMD incidences were October to December, the second peak was from April to June. Street incidence was higher than the townships, there was significant statistically differences （X2 = 152.72, P 〈 0. O1 ） ; male incidence rate was higher than the female, there was significant statistically differences （X2 = 7. O1, P 〈 O. 01 ） . The highest HFMD incidence occurred in the children aged from lto 3 years, accounting for 70.51%. Etiological surveillance results showed other enterovirus infection, accounting for 71.51%. 90.91% aggregation epidemic occurred in kindergartens. Conclusions The incidence of HFMD had obvious time, districts, age and gender differences. It is essential to strengthen emidemiology and etiological surveillance to control the spread of HFMD.