长期单施化肥对土壤有机质的影响

Effects of Long-Term Application of Chemical Fertilizer on Soil Organic Matter

化肥的施用对世界粮食安全起到了不可替代的保障作用。长期的定位试验,深刻揭示了土壤肥力特征和养分平衡规律。本文结合大量长期定位试验研究资料,综述了长期单施化肥对土壤有机质的消长以及各组分变异影响的研究进展,为进一步解释化肥N、P、K单施或者配施对土壤肥力的影响提供依据,为维持和提高农田生态系统土壤肥力提供参考,为合理施肥提供理论支撑。

The application of chemical fertilizer plays an important role in the guarantee of world food security.The long-term experiment reveals the characteristics of soil fertility and the law of nutrient balance. Combining witha large number of long-term research materials, progresses of researches on the growth and decline of soil organicmatter and the influence of components＇ variation caused by long-term application of chemical fertilizer were sum-marized in the paper. The influence of applying N P K separately or together on soil fertility was further explained.This will provide reference to maintain and improve the soil fertility of farmland ecosystem, as well as theoreticalsupport for rational application of fertilizer.