基于3S技术的土地利用时空变化分析——以迪那河绿洲为例

Analysis on Spatiotemporal Change of Land Use Based on 3S Technology——A Case Study of Dina River Oasis

介于干旱区绿洲内部人口相对密集,人类活动直接反映绿洲土地利用时空动态变化,这为本文对土地利用动态变化进行可行性、科学性分析具备了前提。在3S技术的支持下,运用1992年MSS,2000年ETM影像以及2006年、2011年两个时期TM影像,利用监督分类方法,同时结合研究区2008年1∶50 000土地利用现状图和实地考察资料,对迪那河绿洲土地利用时空变化进行了分析。研究表明:(1)1992—2011年研究区的土地类型发生了较大的变化:耕地、建筑用地呈持续增加态势,而林地、草地面积持续减少。草地面积呈先减少再增加后减少的变化趋势,但总体面积呈现下降趋势;未利用地面积呈现先增加后减小而总体下降趋势;(2)土地利用速度变化分析表明,研究区土地利用变化速度经历了直线型变化势态;(3)迪那河绿洲20a间土地利用综合指数上升到50.49,此反映研究区土地利用正处于中等发展阶段,这与该研究区的自然地理环境和经济社会发展状况相吻合。

There is relatively dense population in terms of oasis in arid areas,and results from human activities directly reflect the oasis dynamics in spatiotemporal change of land-use,which provides a premise for this paper to conduct feasible and scientific methods for analyzing the dynamic change of land-use.In this paper,with the support of 3Stechnology,MSS,1992 ETM images in 2000 and 2000,and 2006 TM images in the two total different periods,and the use of supervised classification method,combining with 1∶50 000 land use status image of study area in 2008,and on-the-spot investigation data,the temporal change of land use of Dina river oasis was analyzed.The reslults showed that：（1）from 1992 to 2011,larger changes had taken place especially in land type in the study area：the areas of farmland,construction land were increasing;and forestland,grassland area continued to decline;grassland area,first reduced,then increased and declined at last,the total area presented the declining trend;（2）the analysis of changes in the rate of land-use indicated that the study area had experienced the linear speed of change under the situation of land use change;（3）the index of land utilization in Dina River oasis during 20 years comprehensively rose to 50.49,which reflected that the land use in the study area was at the middle stage of development,it had to do with the natural geographical environment and the economic and social development in the study area.