贫血对老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者生命质量的影响

Effect of anemia on quality of life in elderly patients with advanced cancer

目的观察贫血对老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者生命质量的影响。方法采用癌症治疗功能评价系统贫血量表（FACT—An）对86例老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者进行生命质量评测。按照血红蛋白水平将患者分为贫血组和非贫血组，对比两组患者生命质量的差异，并分析贫血及其他临床因素对患者生命质量的影响。结果86例患者贫血的发生率为61．63％（53／86）。贫血组和非贫血组患者的生理状况评分[（12．47±4．68）分比（16．03±4．14）分，P=0．001]、情感状况评分[（9．45±4．04）分比（11．30±3．98）分，P=0．041]、功能状态评分[（10．30±4．02）分比（13．61±3．74）分，P〈0．001]、贫血子量表总分[（40．06±10．45）分比（57．39±7．28）分，P〈0．001]差异均有统计学意义，贫血组患者FACT—An得分低于非贫血组[（84．34±18．95）分比（111．70±13．19）分，P〈0．001]。对生命质量的影响因素进行多元逐步回归分析显示，血红蛋白水平（P〈0．001）、是否合并慢性疾病（P=0．002）、美国东部肿瘤协作组体能状态评分标准（ECOG—PS）评分（P=0．018）、年龄（P=0．030）是老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者生命质量的影响因素。结论老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者贫血发生率高，贫血对老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者的生命质量有显著影响。

Objective To observe the prevalence of cancer-associated anemia and its effect on elderly patients with advanced cancer. Methods Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Anemia Version 4 （FACT-An） was used to investigate the quality of life （QOL） of 86 elderly patients with advanced cancer. The patients were divided into anemia group and non-anemia group. The influence factors for QOL of the elderly patients with advanced cancer were examined, and a multivariate regression was used. Results The prevalence of cancer-associated anemia in elderly patients with advanced cancer was 61.63 % （53/86）. The scores in physical well-being （16.03±4.14 vs 12.47±4.68, P = 0.001）, emotional well-being （11.30±3.98 vs 9.45±4.04, P = 0.041）, functional well-being （13.61±3.74 vs 10.30±4.02, P 〈 0.001）, additional concerns （57.39±7.28 vs 40.06±10.45, P 〈 0.001） and FACT-An （111.70±13.19 vs 84.34±18.95, P 〈 0.001） of the non-anemia group were all significantly higher than those of the anemia group. The multivariate regression analysis results indicated that hemoglobin （P 〈 0.001）, comorbidities （P = 0.002）, performance status （P = 0.018）, age （P = 0.030） were the influence factors for QOL of elderly patients with advanced cancer. Conclusion The morbidity of anemia in elderly patients is increased and it affects the QOL of senior patients with advanced cancer.